Perspectives on Kata

During a recent class, Kancho, the head of the dojo, told us that kata must be thought of as a form of kumite – this means that we should never forget what the purpose and meaning of kata are, lest they become simply ritual movements. One should perform kata as though fighting imaginary opponents, in a strong frame of mind, visualizing each move as a block, strike or throw.

C.W. Nicol in "Moving Zen" has an interesting perspective on the development of kata through the ages:

“From the very beginning of history, skill with weapons has been passed down by ritual practice. When the prehistoric or primitive hunter returned to camp after an encounter with a wild animal or enemy, he could demonstrate his prowess better by performing than talking.  He would dance, exaggerating and repeating his movements. Young warriors and boys copied the dances, developed them until they were set and ritualized. They were superb training, for in them the warrior could mimic and develop the style, speed and skill of a master…..I believe that when we practice kata, we are somehow touching the warrior ancestry of all humanity”

This is no doubt correct.  But when practicing, it is best to perform kata as though actually fighting opponents, avoiding any ritual or "dance" element - even if it makes the kata look less visually or aesthetically appealing. Each single step, kick, block, strike or throw should be executed powerfully enough to stop a real opponent.

Likewise, during randori (free or open sparring) or ippon kumite (single-move sparring with counter), kata applications should be incorporated and practiced as much as possible.